Table 1.
Abbreviations.
Fig 1.
The number of records screened is equal to the sum of the number of records initially identified in PubMed and Embase after removing overalapping citations and the number of studies with citations identified through other sources shown in the upper most right text box. After exclusions of non-relevant articles during the screening phase, 138 full-text text articles were abstracted, 58 of which were excluded leaving a total of 80 articles that were included in the review.
Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies on the association between birth defects and childhood cancer.
Table 3.
Studies on the association between birth defects and childhood cancer.