Fig 1.
Histograms and distribution of study patients with valvular heart disease or coronary artery disease.
The histogram (A) and distribution (B) of the study population with and without VHD, and the histogram (C) and distribution (D) of the study population with 0-VD, 1-VD, 2-VD, and 3-VD were diagrammed. The vertical bars denote the statistically significant differences from the Chi-square analysis for the distribution of the study population with and without VHD (P < 0.05 or more) and for the distribution of the study population with 0-VD, 1-VD, 2-VD, and 3-VD (P < 0.05 or more). No marked pair means there are no statistically significant differences from each other by Chi-square analysis. VD, vessel disease.
Table 1.
Characteristics of all the patients.
Fig 2.
Path model (A): Association between whole valvular heart disease and coronary artery disease with an explanatory drawing of the possible cascade from aging.
This path has a coefficient showing the standardized coefficient of regressing independent variables on the dependent variable of the relevant path. These variables indicate standardized regression coefficients, squared multiple correlations [italic capitals], and correlations among exogenous variables [capitals upper side of the two-way arrowhead curves].
Table 2.
Results of path model A.
Fig 3.
Path model (B): Association between the subtype of valvular heart disease and coronary artery disease with an explanatory drawing of the possible cascade from aging.
This path has a coefficient showing the standardized coefficient of regressing independent variables on the dependent variable of the relevant path. These variables indicate standardized regression coefficients, squared multiple correlations [italic capitals], and correlations among exogenous variables [capitals upper/lower side of the two-way arrowhead curves]. AS, aortic valve stenosis; AR, aortic valve regurgitation; MS, mitral valve stenosis; MR, mitral valve regurgitation.
Table 3.
Results of path model B.
Table 4.
Results of the Chi-square analysis of the study population with and without valvular heart disease or multi-vessel coronary disease.
Table 5.
Results of multivariate analyses for the contribution of risk factors to valvular heart disease or coronary artery disease.
Fig 4.
Path model (C): Explanatory drawing of the possible cascade among valvular heart disease, plasma BNP and coronary artery disease.
This path has a coefficient showing the standardized coefficient of regressing independent variables on the dependent variable of the relevant path. These variables indicate standardized regression coefficients and squared multiple correlations [italic capitals]. BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide.
Table 6.
Results of path model C.