Fig 1.
Climate diagram for metrological station in Zanderij.
The climate diagram offers to distinguish four seasons. The main rainy season extends from April to August and is followed by the main dry season from September to November. The average annual temperature is 27.5°C with an annual variation of 3°C. The diagram was created by means of the R package Climatol [47].
Fig 2.
Macro (right)—and micrographs (left) of C. odorata (a), H. courbaril (b), G. glabra (c).
Scale bar for macrography = 1cm, for microscopic cross sections = 500 μm.
Table 1.
Age, diameter and C-stock by tree species.
Fig 3.
The figure presents the carbon stock accumulated at the end of the lifetime for the 61 trees included in the study. Different colors and symbols present tree species. For C. odorata the individual tree carbon stock does not increase with age. For G. glabra larger carbon stocks are found for older ages, but some trees accumulated relatively large carbon stocks even at younger ages. Except for two outliers only for H. courbaril carbon stocks increase with age, but still show a considerable variability.
Table 2.
Annual carbon accumulation and annual diameter growth of trees by species.
Fig 4.
a) C. odorata, b) G. glabra, c) H. courbaril For individual trees the annual C-accumulation is plotted over tree age. Figures above the curves indicate the tree number. Plots are grouped by tree species. The scale of the y-axis varies between tree species, i.e. {0–40} for C. odorata, {0–150} for G. glabra, and {0–200} for H. courbaril.
Fig 5.
Examples for different annual patterns of C-accumulation over tree age.
Black lines show the annual C-accumulation, red lines present moving averages.
Fig 6.
Individual tree C-accumulation.
a) C. odorata, b) G. glabra, c) H. courbaril The curves show the development of the carbon stock of individual trees over age. Most curves approach the shape of an exponential function, which indicates accelerated C-accumulation with age. In the few cases where curves become flatter, trees reduce carbon accumulation with age.
Table 3.
Percent C-accumulation by lifetime quartiles.
Fig 7.
Percent C-accumulation during the four quarters of the entire lifespan by trees.
a) C. odorata, b) G. glabra, c) H. courbaril For each tree the total amount of carbon sequestered in each of the four quartiles of lifetime is shown. Carbon accumulation at young ages (1st quartile) is substantially lower than at older ages (2nd to 4th quartile). Trees of the species G. glabra sequester about half of their total carbon in the last 25% (4th quartile) of their lifetime.