Fig 1.
Computational steps applied for wave intensity analysis.
From tonometrically measured radial pressure (A), aortic pressure (B) is obtained by a generalized transfer function (SphygmoCor). Aortic blood flow (C) is modelled from aortic pressure (ARCSolver) (or measured by Doppler ultrasound for model validation only). Pulse wave velocity c times blood density ρ is estimated from the slope of the approximately linear part of the PU-loop during early systole (D) to derive forward and backward wave intensity (E).
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of both patient groups in the main and the test population.
Table 2.
Pulse wave analysis, wave intensity analysis and ECG parameters.
Table 3.
Univariable logistic regression models for EF-status (0: Normal, 1: Reduced).
Fig 2.
Left: Comparison of the ROC curves obtained with central pulse pressure (PP), ejection duration (ED), S to D ratio (SDR) and QRS-duration. Right: ROC curves obtained with a combination of ED and SDR, and ED and SDR when adjusted for medication. Area under the curve (AUC) and 95% confidence interval are given in the same colors.
Table 4.
Stepwise multivariable logistic regression models for EF-status (0: Normal, 1: Reduced) using pressure-derived parameters with and without adjustment for medication.
Table 5.
Approach to diagnose or exclude a reduced ejection fraction by a stepwise classification scheme.
Table 6.
Pulse wave analysis, wave intensity analysis and ECG parameters in the test population.
Table 7.
Approach to diagnose or exclude a reduced ejection fraction by a stepwise classification scheme with fixed criteria in the test population.