Fig 1.
Illustration showing the application of standing test after treadmill test.
The patient kept his/her position upright after finishing the treadmill test. Usually, two assistants provided guidance and support. Three hundred micrograms of nitroglycerin was administrated 1 minute after initiating the standing posture. The cuffs for blood pressure measuring (BP) are bilaterally applied either automatically or by the manual measuring method. ECG is continuously recorded during the test.
Fig 2.
A flow diagram demonstrates the sequence of patients’ enrollment and the test results.
The each group’s patients by the provocation test result are classified again by the definition of the Calgary score and that of the typical (classic) vasovagal syncope.
Table 1.
Characteristics of each group classified by the results of provocation test.
Table 2.
Hemodynamical results during and after the treadmill test.
Fig 3.
Serial blood pressures (BP) and heart rates (HR) of representative patients in test positive and test negative group.
The solid line and the solid bar indicate the HR and BP, respectively, of a 43-year-old male patient with positive result. The dashed line and bar indicate the HR and BP, respectively, of a 33-years-old female patient with negative result. There are gradual decreases of BP and HR after nitroglycerin administration in test negative patient. There are sudden drops of BP and HR at 9 minutes after nitroglycerin administration (asterisk).