Fig 1.
*Two participants in MRI conditions were reassigned to the no-contact control group after being unable to tolerate MRI scanning. †Participants removed from analysis due to training contamination, low training dosage, or data acquisition issues.
Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
Fig 2.
Mean performance for training tasks.
Performance accuracy for the working memory training group (A-C), and mean reaction times by training game for the processing speed training group (D-F).
Fig 3.
Participant motivation and expectation.
Self-rated motivation to complete training (A), and expectations for improvement (B) on the training tasks throughout the training period. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 4.
WAIS-IV performance by group, before and after training.
Verbal Comprehension Index (A); Perceptual Reasoning Index (B); Working Memory Index (C); Processing Speed Index (D); Full Scale Intelligence Quotient (E). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 5.
Measures of working memory capacity and fluid intelligence before and after training.
Automated Operation Span (A), Spatial Delayed Response Task (B-C), Raven’s Advanced Progressive Matrices (D), and Cattell’s Culture Fair Test (E) performance by group before and after training. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.