Fig 1.
Terai Arc Landscape showing network of 16 protected areas in Nepal (5) and India (11) and forest corridor identified within the Nepal side of the landscape.
Fig 2.
Minimum Convex Polygon (MCP) from multiyear camera trap surveys carried out in a) core area of Suklaphanta National Park; b) Babai valley within Bardia National Park.
Table 1.
Configuration of camera trap survey conducted in the Suklaphanta National Park (Core) and Babai Valley of Bardia National Park showing year of survey, minimum population size (Mt+1), area surveyed (MCP; 100%) and number of camera trap deployed.
Spacing between camera trap stations were set between 1.5–2 km and primary sampling occasion was set at 15 days period.
Fig 3.
Spatial location of common tigers (n = 11) between transboundary protected areas in Terai Arc Landscape.
Two tigers (2 male) common between Suklaphanta-Philibhit Tiger Complex, four tigers (3 male: 1 female) common between Banke-Bardia-Katerniaghat Tiger Complex and five tiger (4 male:1 female) common between Chitwan-Parsa-Valmiki Tiger Complex.
Fig 4.
A male tiger captured along the Bardia-Katerniaghat forest matrix connected through Khata corridor forest in the western part of Terai Arc Landscape.
Fig 5.
Fitted polynomial growth curve based on 3%, 10%, 21% growth rates regressed on minimum population size (Mt+1) of camera trap tiger population surveyed in between 2009 and 2014 in core area of Suklaphanta National Park.
Fig 6.
Trend in minimum population size (Mt+1) of the tiger population based on adhoc camera trap tiger population surveyed in between 2006 and 2016 in the core area of Babai Valley within Bardia National Park.
Fig 7.
Infrastructure development (railways, highways and postal roads) along the transboundary tiger habitat between Nepal and India across Terai Arc Landscape.