Table 1.
PICOS; Inclusion/exclusion criteria.
Table 2.
Dietary counselling (individuals).
Table 3.
Dietary counselling (worksite/schools).
Table 4.
Dietary counselling (community).
Table 5.
Media campaigns.
Table 6.
Labelling.
Table 7.
Reformulation.
Table 8.
Taxes.
Table 9.
Multi-component interventions.
Table 10.
Salt intake outcomes with interventions detailed in other publications.
Table 11.
Modelling studies included in the systematic review.
Fig 1.
Interventions classified on the upstream / downstream continuum.
Fig 2.
PRISMA flowchart.
Fig 3.
Effectiveness of interventions to reduce salt intake (empirical studies).
Forest plot of the empirical studies that were included in this systematic review. Negative values of salt reduction are interpreted as reported increase in salt consumption. For most combined interventions the sample size and confidence intervals were not reported. NA denotes not applicable or not reported.
Fig 4.
Effectiveness of interventions to reduce salt intake (modelling studies).
Forest plot of the modelling studies that were included in this systematic review. Because of the different modelling approaches in these studies, their uncertainty measures are not comparable. Therefore we do not plot them in this graph. Different scenarios were considered for different studies. NA denotes not applicable or not reported.