Fig 1.
Mean temperature, European settler mortality, and economic output per capita in former European colonies.
A: Map showing the mean annual temperatures (in degrees Celsius) in the former European colonies in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. B: OLS regression fit with 95% confidence intervals for the effect of mean temperature on logged European settler mortality rate, and the bivariate Pearson correlation (inset). C: OLS regression fit with 95% confidence intervals for the effect of mean temperature on economic output per capita, and the bivariate Pearson correlation (inset).
Table 1.
Effect of mean temperature on settler mortality, economic output per capita, and the quality of political institutions.
Table 2.
Test of the exclusion restriction of the effect of past institutions on economic output per capita.
Fig 2.
European settler mortality by continent.
A: Density of the logged mortality measure by continent. B: Box plots of the mean and interquartile ranges of the logged mortality measure by continent.
Table 3.
Effect of European settler mortality on average protection against expropriation risk.
Fig 3.
Constraint on the executive in 1900 by continent.
A: Density of the constraint on the executive in 1900 measure by continent. B: Box plots of the mean and interquartile ranges of the constraint on the executive measure by continent.
Fig 4.
Density plot of P-values using randomly imputed constraint on the executive 1900 values for countries with post-1900 independence dates.
The red line indicates a p-value of 0.05. A: Full sample. B: Africa.