Fig 1.
Map of the Canadian Rocky Mountains showing the locations of grizzly bear scats collected opportunistically (blue) or at clusters of bear GPS locations (yellow) in Banff and Yoho National Parks. Background map OpenStreetMap contributors available under the Open Database License.
Table 1.
Summary information for 21 grizzly bears fitted with GPS collars to quantify use of the Canadian Pacific Railway in Banff and Yoho National Parks in Alberta, Canada.
Fig 2.
Relationships between bear mass at time of capture and (a) δ15N values derived from bear hair, and (b) use of the rail for GPS-collared male and female grizzly bears in Banff National Park. Dashed lines indicate linear regression lines.
Table 2.
Summary of frequency of occurrence (scats containing item / total scats x 100) and percent volume (both mean ± SD) of nine food types hypothesized to be targeted by bears in the vicinity of railways in scats collected near (< 150m) and far (>150m) from the railway in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.
P values refer to replicated Barnard’s tests (frequency data) or t tests (volume data).
Fig 3.
Scat contents near and far from the railway.
The frequency of occurrence of (a) spilled grain, (b) plants associated with edges and disturbance (dandelion, clover, equisetum, sweet vetch) and (c) ungulate or ant remains in grizzly bear scats collected near (<150m) and far (>150m) from the railway in summer (July and August) and fall (September and October) in Banff National Park. Bars show standard deviation.