Fig 1.
Flow chart of the study population.
NTM = Nontuberculous mycobacterial, TB = Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, CT = computed tomography, HIV = human immunodeficiency virus.
Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of 256 patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections.
Table 2.
CT findings of 256 patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infections and Mycobacterial tuberculosis infections.
Fig 2.
CT images of a Mycobacterium avium pulmonary infection in a 44-year-old man.
Axial CT images with lung and mediastinal window settings (2.5-mm slice) were obtained at the level of the segmental bronchi of the right lower lobe. The CT images show relatively thin and relatively even thickening of the cavity, and tiny ill-defined satellite nodules (<4 mm) with air trapping in the right lower lobe. Note pleural thickening next to the cavity (B) (arrowheads).
Fig 3.
CT images of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a 67-year-old man.
Chest CT axial images with a lung window settings (2.5-mm slice) were obtained at the levels of the superior vena cava and right middle lobar bronchus. The CT image show a cavity with a thick and irregular wall and multiple satellite tree-in-bud nodules in the right upper lobe (A). Note the multiple well-defined tree-in-bud nodules (>6 mm) in the right middle lobe (B).
Fig 4.
CT images of a Mycobacterium intracellulare pulmonary infection in a 41-year-old woman.
Chest CT axial images with lung and mediastinal window settings (2.5-mm slice) show a thin-walled cavity (A) with adjacent pleural thickening (B) (arrowheads).
Fig 5.
CT images of a Mycobacterium intracellulare pulmonary infection in a 77-year-old man.
Chest CT axial images were obtained at the level of the right bracheocephalic vein (2.5- mm slice). The lung window setting shows the thin and even thickness of the cavity (arrowheads) in the right upper lobe (A). The mediastinal window setting shows thick pleural thickening with proliferation of extra-pleural fat next to the cavity in the right upper lobe (arrows) (B).
Fig 6.
CT images of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a 73-year-old female.
Chest CT axial images (2.5 mm collimation) were obtained of the bronchus intermedius (A, B) and superior segmental bronchi of both lower lobes (C). The lung and mediastinal window settings show a thick-walled cavity in the superior segment of the right lower lobe (A) without marked pleural thickening next to the cavity (B). (C) Note the multiple satellite tree-in-bud nodules in the superior segment of both lower lobes (> 6 mm) and the macronodules in the left lower lobe (≥10mm).
Table 3.
Results of univariate and multivariate analysis.