Fig 1.
Anatomical structure of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
(A) The position and structure of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity: (a) inferior nasal concha, (b) superior nasal concha, (c) middle nasal concha, and (d) hard palate. (B) The position of cross-sections in Bama minipigs nasal cavity. (C) Diagrams of the five cross-sections (I–V) of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity: (a) nasal septum, (b) nasal meatus, (c) inferior nasal concha, (d) superior nasal meatus, (e) middle nasal meatus, (f) inferior nasal meatus, (h) middle nasal concha, and (g) nasopharyngeal meatus.
Table 1.
The information of antibodies.
Fig 2.
HE stain of csI from the right side of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
(A) Panoramic scanning of csI: (a) nasal septum and (b) inferior nasal concha. (B) Blood vessels and glands located in the lamina propria. Arrow indicates the opening of the duct to the nasal cavity. (C) Stratified squamous epithelium.
Fig 3.
HE stain of csII from the right side of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
(A) Panoramic scanning of csII: (a) nasal septum and (b) inferior nasal concha. (B, C) Lymphoid follicle under the mucosal epithelium on the dorsal side of the inferior nasal concha (asterisk). (D–G) Transition from stratified squamous epithelium to pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium: (D) columnar epithelium consisting of goblet cells, (E) thick stratified squamous epithelium, (F) columnar epithelium, and (G) thin stratified squamous epithelium.
Fig 4.
HE stain of csIII from the right side of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
(A) Panoramic scanning of csIII: (a) nasal septum, (b) superior nasal meatus, (c) middle nasal meatus, (d) inferior nasal meatus, and (e) common nasal meatus. (B, C) Lymphatic tissue located on the dorsal medial inferior nasal concha (asterisk). (D, E) Lymphoid follicle under the mucosal epithelium of the dorsal inferior nasal concha (asterisk). (F) Columnar epithelium and mucous glands (arrow) on the surface of the superior nasal concha. (G) Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium and intraepithelial lymphocytes (arrow).
Fig 5.
HE stain of csIV from the right side of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
(A) Panoramic scanning of csIV: (a) nasal septum, (b) superior nasal meatus, (c) middle nasal meatus, (d) inferior nasal meatus, and (e) common nasal meatus. (B–D) Lymphoid follicle under the mucosal epithelium of the dorsal medial inferior nasal concha (asterisk), FAE consisted of pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium and simple epithelium. (E, F) Lymphoid follicle under the mucosal epithelium of the dorsolateral nasal cavity. (G) Lymphatic tissue (asterisk) located on the dorsal nasal cavity near the lumens lined by respiratory epithelium. (H) Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium and intraepithelial lymphocytes (arrow).
Fig 6.
HE stain of csV from the right side of the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
(A) Panoramic scanning of csV: (a) nasal septum, (b) frontal sinus, and (c) nasopharyngeal meatus. (B) Aggregation of lymphocytes located on the roof of the nasopharyngeal meatus (asterisk). (C) Lymphatic tissue (asterisk) located on the roof of the nasopharyngeal meatus and the FAE (arrow) consisting of ciliated cells. (D) Lymphoid follicles (asterisk) distributed under the mucosal epithelium of the middle nasal concha. (E) Columnar epithelium (arrow). (F) Lymphatic tissue (asterisk) located on the wall of the nasal cavity and under the columnar epithelium of the nasal septum. (G) Mucous glands located on the dorsal side of the middle nasal concha and lymphoid tissue (asterisk) distributed randomly between or under the mucous glands. (H) Lymphatic tissue located on the lateral side of the nasopharyngeal meatus (asterisk) and lymphoepithelium (arrow).
Fig 7.
The distribution pattern of CD3+ T cells, IgA+ cells, M cells, and goblet cells in the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
CD3+ T cells, IgA+ cells, and M cells examined using IHC (arrows indicate positive cells). Goblet cells in the surface epithelium are shown by AB/PAS staining (arrows indicate positive cells). Scale bar = 100 μm.
Fig 8.
Quantitative analysis of immunocytes in the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
The number of immunocytes was counted from five cross sections in a unit area (40×). (a) CD3+ T cells, (b) M cells, (c) IgA+ cells, (d) goblet cells, and (e) MHC II+SWC3a+DCs. *P < 0.05.
Fig 9.
The localization of MHCII+SWC3a+ DCs in the Bama minipigs nasal cavity.
Paraffin sections of the nasal cavity were stained with SWC3a (green), MHCII (red), and 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI; blue). DCs are indicated by arrows. E: epithelium, LP: lamina propria, fol: lymphoid follicle, scale bar = 20 μm.