Fig 1.
Weekly number of dengue cases in the jungle and the coast in Peru.
Table 1.
Parameter values in a residence-time matrix.
Table 2.
Definitions and baseline values of parameters used in numerical simulations.
Fig 2.
The effect of coupling strength on patch-specific incidence.
(A) Strong coupling (p12 = p21 = 0.3) and (B) weak coupling (p12 = p21 = 0.01) for the case of symmetric coupling and the sinusoidal type seasonality (S2).
Fig 3.
The effect of symmetry of movement on patch-specific incidence.
(A) Symmetric coupling (p12 = p21 = 0.3) and (B) asymmetric coupling (p12 = 0.3 and p21 = 0.001) for the case of strong coupling and the square-wave type seasonality (S1).
Fig 4.
The effect of seasonality and coupling scenarios on patch-specific cumulative incidence for one year.
#1–#4: Square-wave type seasonality (S1), #5–#8: Sinusoidal type seasonality (S2); #1, #5: p12 = 0.01, p21 = 0.01 (weak / symmetric); #2, #6: p12 = 0.1, p21 = 0.001 (weak / asymmetric); #3, #7: p12 = 0.3, p21 = 0.3 (strong / symmetric); #4, #8: p12 = 0.3, p21 = 0.001 (strong / asymmetric).
Fig 5.
The effect of coupling intensity on patch-specific incidence and optimal control functions.
(A)-(D) Weak coupling (p12 = 0.1, p21 = 0.001) and (E)-(H) strong coupling (p12 = 0.3, p21 = 0.001) for the case of asymmetric coupling and the sinusoidal type seasonality (S2).
Fig 6.
The effect of symmetry of movement on patch-specific incidence and optimal control functions.
(A)-(D) Symmetric movement (p12 = p21 = 0.3) and (E)-(H) asymmetric movement (p12 = 0.3, p21 = 0.001) for the case of strong coupling and the sinusoidal type seasonality (S2).
Fig 7.
The effect of control duration on patch-specific incidence and optimal control functions.
(A)-(D) Duration of three years and (E)-(H) duration of six years for the case of strong and asymmetric coupling (p12 = 0.3, p21 = 0.001) with the sinusoidal type seasonality (S2).
Fig 8.
Cumulative incidence for one year under different control duration.
When both patches are controlled for (A) three years and (B) six years, cumulative incidence for one year is compared with cumulative incidence for one year without control (displayed on time 0) using p12 = 0.1, p21 = 0.001 and the sinusoidal type seasonality (S2).
Fig 9.
The effect of different patch sizes on patch-specific incidence and optimal controls.
(A)-(D) Nh1 = Nh2 = 105 and (E)-(H) Nh1 = 105, Nh2 = 2Nh1 for the case of asymmetric and weak coupling (p12 = 0.1, p21 = 0.001) with the sinusoidal type seasonality (S2). Control efforts increase in both patches due to the increment of Nh2 in (E)-(H). More intensive efforts should be implemented in Patch 2 (H).