Fig 1.
Gesture stroop stimuli and paradigm.
A) Task design: Subjects indicated the meaning of the gesture as either positive or negative. Images represent video stills of four types of gesture: head nodding (up and down), head shaking (side-to-side), thumbs up, and thumbs down. Spoken words are super-imposed on video stills in each condition. Rows indicate the body part used in the gesture, i.e. head or hand. Columns indicate congruent and incongruent conditions, where gestures are congruent and incongruent with spoken words. B) Block design: 15s task block alternates with 15s rest block. 4 trials per block with ISI of 3.75s. Each block consisted predominantly of either congruent (C) or incongruent (I) trials, and contained one randomly positioned oddball trial.
Fig 2.
Functional near-infrared channel layout.
Thirty emitter and twenty-nine detector pairs were placed at 3 cm intervals to generate a 98-channel layout covering frontal, parietal, and temporal areas as indicated by the orange spheres. Average channel locations are indicated in S1 Table.
Table 1.
Cluster simulation results.
Fig 3.
Contrast effects: deOxyHb signals, n = 31.
A) Activated clusters indicate the domain-general results of the Incongruent > Congruent contrast (p<0.005), with activity present in right DLPFC. B) Activated clusters indicate the domain-specific results of the Gesture > Color contrast (p<0.001), with activity present in right STG and left DLPFC. Black circles indicate the channel number and location of the significant channels (p<0.05) from the channel-wise analysis.
Table 2.
Contrast results from voxel-wise analysis (deOxyHb signals).
Table 3.
Contrast results from channel-wise analysis (deOxyHb signals).
Fig 4.
Overlap of neurosynth right TPJ and gesture > color activity.
Red area represents left temporal-parietal region of activity from the Gesture > Color contrast, p<0.001. Blue area shows forward inference map of the rTPJ from Neurosynth (http://neurosynth.org) meta-analysis of 92 studies. Black dotted line surrounds area of overlap.