Fig 1.
(A) A false-color 2011 Landsat composite proxy image of Canada (Bands 5, 4, 3) with the combined herd ranges of all fiver herds shown in red outline. (B) The five separate ranges of the herds examined here with the same false color image displayed.
Fig 2.
(A) The tundra–lichen map derived from the Canadian Centre for Remote Sensing MODIS land cover data set. (B) 2009 LVE estimates for the five herd ranges. (C) the Theil-Sen slopes estimating change per year for each pixel. (d) significant increases, decreases, and non-significant slopes determined using Mann-Kendall tests.
Table 1.
The percentage of significantly increasing, significantly decreasing, and no significant change lichen containing tundra pixels detected by herd range over all lichen containing tundra.
Table 2.
The results of the Gi* analysis, showing the percentage of pixels which were centered in significant clusters of increasing and decreasing LVE TS slope values, as well as pixels displaying no slope clustering, by herd range.
Fig 3.
(A) The Gi* z scores for the LVE Theil-Sen’s slopes. (B) Significant positive, negative, and non-significant Gi* z score values indicating a pixel was centered in a cluster of positive, negative, or non-significant LVE Theil-Sen’s slope values.
Fig 4.
Boxplot of the lichen volume estimate Theil-Sen’s slopes by herd range (west to east).
Shared letters indicate non-significant differences.
Fig 5.
Boxplot of barren ground caribou movement velocities by herd (west to east) and season.
Fig 6.
Mean predicted movement velocities (m/hour) predicted using LVE values by season.
Dashed lines represent one standard error.