Fig 1.
Flow diagram illustrating the systemic literature and study selection process.
Table 1.
Characteristics of eligible studies.
Fig 2.
Quality assessment of 16 observational studies by the Newcastle and Ottawa risk of bias criteria.
Fig 3.
Risk of bias assessment of 9 diagnostic tests by QUADAS-2.
Fig 4.
Forest plot of the standard mean difference in d-dimer levels between patients with and without left atrial spontaneous echo contrast/left atrial thrombus.
Fig 5.
Egger’s test for the assessment of publication bias of 16 observational studies.
SND, standard normal deviate.
Fig 6.
Risk ratios for the presence of LAT comparing the top third with the bottom third based on d-dimer distributions.
Fig 7.
Egger’s test for the assessment of publication bias of 11 studies.
SND, standard normal deviate.
Fig 8.
Summary receiver operating characteristic curves (SROC) for overall diagnostic accuracy of d-dimer for the presence of left atrial thrombus.
① Abu-Mahfouz M et al. [12]; ② Habara S et al. [20]; ③ Sugiura S et al. [21]; ④ Rajappa M et al. [33];⑤ Somloi M et al. [22]; ⑥ Kadle N et al. [34]; ⑦ Naresh K et al. [36]; ⑧ Yoshida N et al. [31]; ⑨ Kurakula N et al. [23].
Fig 9.
Funnel plot for the assessment of publication bias of 9 diagnostic tests.
① Abu-Mahfouz M et al. [12]; ② Habara S et al. [20]; ③ Sugiura S et al. [21]; ④ Rajappa M et al. [33];⑤ Somloi M et al. [22]; ⑥ Kadle N et al. [34]; ⑦ Naresh K et al. [36]; ⑧ Yoshida N et al. [31]; ⑨ Kurakula N et al. [23].