Table 1.
The energy sources used in the processes associated with each OPGEE upstream stage.
Data from Brandt et al. [8].
Fig 1.
Schematic of OPGEE production processes and related energy flows used to calculate NER and EER values.
Figure adapted from Brandt et al. [8].
Table 2.
Calculation of NER and EER flows from OPGEE model cells.
Calculations based partially on the method of Brandt et al. [8].
Table 3.
Data classification for parameters in OPGEE’s main “Inputs” sheet: User-inputted (U) vs OPGEE default (D) (C = Cantarell, F = Forties, MS = Midway-Sunset, PB = Prudhoe Bay, W = Wilmington).
User-inputted parameters are based on literature or modeling assumptions.
Table 4.
Abbreviated data quality assessment (C = Cantarell, F = Forties, MS = Midway-Sunset, PB = Prudhoe Bay, W = Wilmington).
* = Poor quality, ** = Moderate quality, *** = High quality.
Table 5.
Abbreviated data sources (C = Cantarell, F = Forties, MS = Midway-Sunset, PB = Prudhoe Bay, W = Wilmington).
Fig 2.
Cantarell input data for fluid production and injection.
(a) Fluid production, (b) fluid injection. Source: [18].
Fig 3.
Forties input data for fluid production and injection.
(a) Fluid production, (b) fluid injection Sources: [27, 36, 37].
Fig 4.
Midway-Sunset input data for fluid production and injection.
(a) Fluid production, (b) fluid injection Source: [25].
Fig 5.
Prudhoe Bay input data for fluid production and injection.
(a) Fluid production, (b) fluid injection Sources: [16, 26].
Fig 6.
Wilmington input data for fluid production and injection.
(a) Fluid production, (b) fluid injection Source: [28].
Table 6.
Summary of sensitivity analysis parameters (C = Cantarell, F = Forties, MS = Midway-Sunset, PB = Prudhoe Bay, W = Wilmington).
Fig 7.
Cantarell base case results showing (a) total energy inputs for major processes (b) NER ratios.
Fig 8.
Forties base case results showing (a) total energy inputs for major processes (b) NER ratios.
Fig 9.
Midway-Sunset base case results showing (a) total energy inputs for major processes (b) NER ratios.
Fig 10.
Prudhoe Bay base case results showing (a) total energy inputs for major processes (b) NER ratios.
Fig 11.
Wilmington base case results showing (a) total energy inputs for major processes (b) NER ratios.
Table 7.
Sensitivity analysis results for NERtotal at each field and time period.