Fig 1.
Graphical representation of leaf morphological traits measured in this study (a), extreme lines (b). LL: lamina length; LW: lamina width; PL: petiole length; LTL: leaf total length and L: lobe(s). A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.
Fig 2.
Frequency distributions of leaf morphological traits in RIL lines.
LTL: leaf total length (cm); LW: lamina width (cm); LL: lamina length (cm); PL: petiole length (cm); PN: lobe number; LL/LTL: the ratio of lamina width: leaf total length.
Table 1.
Phenotypic variation of leaf morphological traits in RIL lines and their parents.
LTL: leaf total length (cm); LW: lamina width (cm); LL: lamina length (cm); PL: petiole length (cm); PN: lobe number; LL/LTL: the ratio of lamina width: leaf total length.
Fig 3.
Locations of significant QTLs for leaf morphological traits on the high-density SNP map.
For simplicity, only the markers in the QTL confidence intervals, along with the two terminal markers at each end of the QTL-containing chromosomes, are shown. Full map data are provided in Liu et al., 2013. LTL: leaf total length (cm); LW: lamina width (cm); LL: lamina length (cm); PL: petiole length (cm); PN: lobe number; LL/LTL: the ratio of lamina width: leaf total length.
Table 2.
Significant QTLs associated with leaf morphological traits in the RIL population.
LTL: leaf total length (cm); LW: lamina width (cm); LL: lamina length (cm); PL: petiole length (cm); PN: lobe number; LL/LTL: the ratio of lamina width: leaf total length. a, peak SNP location of the QTL; b, an additive value >0 indicates that additive effects came from GH06, or came from P174 otherwise; c, thresholds values; d, QTL size (cM); e, phenotypic variation.
Table 3.
Summary of read numbers from the RNA-Seq data for the three samples.
A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.
Fig 4.
Gene expression profiles and DEGs identified in the three samples.
a) Statistical analysis in the three samples, [a: number of genes with very low expression (0<FPKM≤1); b: number of genes with low expression (1<FPKM≤3); c: number of genes with moderate expression (3<FPKM≤15); d: number of genes with high expression (15<FPKM≤60); e: number of genes with very high expression (FPKM>60)] b) Venn Diagram of genes detected in the three samples. c) Identification of DEGs in “A vs B”, “A vs P” and “B vs P”. d) Venn Diagram of DEGs in A vs B, A vs P and B vs P. e) Fold changes in the DEGs detected in “A vs B”, “A vs P” and “B vs P”. [a) Number of genes with a log2 fold change≤˗9; b) number of genes with ˗9<log2 fold change≤˗7; c) number of genes with ˗7<log2 fold change≤˗5; d) number of genes with ˗5<log2 fold change≤˗3; e) number of genes with ˗3<log2 fold change≤˗1; f) number of genes with 1<log2 fold change≤3; g) number of genes with 3<log2 fold change≤5; h) number of genes with 3<log2 fold change≤5; i) number of genes with 5<log2 fold change≤7; j) number of genes with 7<log2 fold change≤9] A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.
Fig 5.
TFs and hormones identified in the DEGs shared between the “A vs P” and “B vs P” comparisons.
a) A total of 31 DEGs belong to 21 TF families; b) 63 DEGs are associated with eight types of hormones. A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.
Table 4.
Expression analysis of the orthologous genes that influence leaf morphology in Arabidopsis.
A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.
Table 5.
Expression analysis of candidate genes for the regulation of leaf development identified using QTL and RNA-Seq analyses.
A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.
Fig 6.
qRT-PCR validation of the expression patterns of 25 randomly selected genes identified in transcriptome sequencing.
A: Extreme lines with more lobes; B: extreme lines with fewer lobes; P: dissected lines.