Table 1.
Information of ZIKV infection cases imported into Guangdong*.
Table 2.
List of primers used to obtain the entire coding sequence (CDS) of ZIKV.
Fig 1.
The isolation and amplification of the ZIKV GZ02 strain.
(A) The amplification of ZIKV GZ02 strain in BHK-21 and Vero cells infected with the homogenized supernatant of brain. Typical cytopathic effects were observed at 5 days post-infection. (B) The viral loads in tissue samples from ZIKV-infected mice were quantified by qRT-PCR and expressed on a log10 scale as viral RNA copies per gram after comparison with a standard curve. The experiments were repeated twice. Error bars represent standard deviation. Data were analyzed by a two-tails student t test. * and ** represent P < 0.05 or 0.01, respectively.
Fig 2.
Electron microscopy of ZIKV-infected brain tissue and Vero cells.
(A) Ultrathin section image of ZIKV-infected brain tissue. Spherical ZIKV particles were observed in cytoplasmic compartments. (B) Enlarged view of the boxed area in A. Black arrow indicates the presence of ZIKV capsids. (C) Ultrathin section image of infected Vero cells shows a group of virus-induced membrane structures with bright interior, indicating viral replication. (D) Enlargement of the boxed area in (C). (E) Spherical capsids were found in the cytoplasm of infected Vero cells. (F) Enlarged view of the boxed area in E. Black arrow indicates the presence of capsids. Bars represent 200 nm (A, C and E) and 100 nm (B, D and F), respectively.
Fig 3.
Sequencing strategy and alignment analysis of ZIKV genome.
(A) Structure and sequencing strategy of ZIKV genome. One open reading frame encodes a polyprotein, including capsid protein (C), premembrane/membrane protein (PrM), envelope protein (E) and seven nonstructural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5). Eight pairs of primers were designed to amplify the entire CDS of ZIKV. (B) The amplification of the CDS of GZ02 strain using 8 pairs of primers. Eight amplified fragments were visualized by electrophoresis. (C) Alignment analysis of the amino acid sequences. The GZ02 strain is designated in solid triangle, the unique amino acid change was marked with red pentagram.
Fig 4.
Phylogenetic analysis of ZIKV.
The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on the entire CDS of ZIKV by using the neighbor-joining method with bootstrap 1000 replications. The sequences were named according to strain/country/year/GenBank accession number. The GZ02 strain is designated in solid triangle.