Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the participating women in the study and their perinatal outcomes.
Fig 1.
(A) Principal component analysis (PCA) of term placental gene expression profiles in obese (Ob_ N°) and normal weight women (N_N°). (B) Cluster analysis of dysregulated genes in term placentas from obese (Ob_ N°) vs. normal weight women (N_N°). Red represents genes with high expression levels and green represents genes with low expression levels.
Table 2.
List of dysregulated genes in term placentas from obese women vs. normal weight women.
The genes identified in previous transcriptome studies in human placentas in health and disease are indicated.
Fig 2.
The Circos plot represents significantly enriched pathways associated with regulated genes in the placentae of obese women vs. normal weight women, detected using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis library of canonical pathways.
Outside the circle dysregulated genes and IPA pathways together with biological process are indicated. All genes are down-regulated (highlighted in green), except for HLA-DRB1 and CCL2 genes that are up-regulated (highlighted in red).
Fig 3.
Shows the two highest scoring networks in IPA derived from the analysis of dysregulated genes in placentas of obese women vs. normal weight women.
(A) Genes involved in embryonic development, organismal development and cancer. (B) Dysregulated genes involved in cellular movement, haematological system development and function, and immune cell trafficking. The intensity of the node colour indicates the degree of up- (red) or down- (green) regulation of gene expression. A white node represents a gene that is not part of our dataset, but is incorporated into the network through relationships with other genes. Nodes are displayed using various shapes that represent the functional class of the gene product, and a biological relationship between two nodes is represented as a line. Detailed information about the figure symbols can be found at www.ingenuity.com.
Fig 4.
Microarray validation by real-time PCR.
The expression levels of genes AREG, CCL2, FSTL3, IGFBP1 and MMP12 from our gene array analysis in comparison with real-time PCR gene expression levels are presented. QRT-PCR data are shown as dCp values (Cptargetgene-Cpreferencegene), where higher dCp values represent lower expression and therefore, graphs are represented with reversed Y-axis. Mann-Whitney U-test *p <0.05, n = 5 samples/group.