Fig 1.
Map of study areas in Brazil and on the border of Brazil and Argentina.
Source: mma.gov.br and wwf.org
Table 1.
Extent and conservation status of remaining habitat in Brazil’s major biomes and a portion of Atlantic Forest in Argentina.
Jaguars are considered vulnerable in the Amazon and Pantanal, endangered in the Cerrado and critically endangered in the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga [14,15].
Fig 2.
(A) Variogram of a resident jaguar. Notice that the animal’s semi-variance reaches an asymptote within a few days, roughly representing the time to cross its home range. The red line represents the fitted model and the red shading represents the 95% CI. (B) A non-resident jaguar. Note the lack of a clear asymptote despite the fact that the animal was monitored for a long period (591 days). This lack of asymptote indicates that this animal is not range resident and thus a home range analysis for this individual is not appropriate. For both A and B, the fraction of the variogram displayed is 65% of the duration of each dataset.
Table 2.
Movement parameters and home range sizes for GPS-collared jaguar across Brazil and Argentina biomes.
Home ranges were estimated via 95% Kernel Density Estimates (KDE) and Autocorrelated Kernel Density Estimates (AKDE)1.
Table 3.
Jaguar home range estimates from the Amazon, Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, and Pantanal using the autocorrelation kernel density estimator (AKDE), minimum convex polygon (MCP), or kernel density estimator (KDE).
For AKDE, MCP, and KDE we display the mean, minimum, and maximum home range values. For AKDE, we also display 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 3.
Boxplot and Posterior Density Estimates for male and female home range (log km2) [A and B], home range crossing time (log days) [C and D], velocity autocorrelation timescale (h) [E and F], and average distance traveled (Km/day) [G and H].
Black line represents the difference between the posterior distribution of males and females, red represents the posterior distribution of females and blue represents the posterior distribution of males.
Fig 4.
Boxplot of home range (km2) for males and female jaguar by biome.
Table 4.
Probability that the home range and movement parameter mean of male and female jaguars was different among locations (row vs column).
Fig 5.
Jaguars’ home range estimates in relation to human population size (square root transformed) across four study areas in Brazil and Argentina.
Regression line is the species estimate from a linear regression model formulated in a Bayesian framework (Bayesian p-value = 0.495). Error lines are 95% CI.