Fig 1.
(a) Example of fission event showing the time-scale (from 1 to 5) at which variation of mean group size and net squared displacement were studied and (b) mean group size (± SE) of initial and post-fission groups according to group composition.
Table 1.
AICc-based model selection to investigate the effect of group composition on ln-transformed mean group speed (MGS) and net displacement rate (NDR) using linear mixed-effects models.
Models included fission ID as a random effect between initial vs. post-fission groups (models including Origin) and between the smallest vs. largest post-fission groups (models including Post-fission group size). Group composition is indicated by either sex segregation (male-only, female-only vs. mixed sex groups) or the proportion of adult males or females.
Fig 2.
Effect of group composition on exploration capacity.
Effect on the ln-transformed (a) mean group speed (m.min-1) in initial (black) and post-fission (grey) groups and (b) net squared displacement (m2) in the largest (black) and smallest (grey) post-fission groups.
Table 2.
Model statistics related to the effect of origin (initial vs. post-fission groups) and post-fission group size (smallest vs. largest post-fission groups) on the log-transformed mean group speed (MGS) and net displacement rate (NDR) using linear mixed-effects models including fission ID as a random effect (italicized classes are the reference groups).
Models controlled for group composition indicated by either sex segregation (mixed sex, female-only vs. male-only), the proportion of adult males or females. Estimates with standard errors are presented when significant.
Table 3.
Statistics of multiple comparisons (Tukey contrats) on the Ln(NDR) between groups from the linear-mixed effects model 9d (see Table 2).
The general linear hypothesis is variable 1 –variable 2 = 0. Significant differences are in bold.