Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
Table 2.
Pulse sequence parameters.
Table 3.
Comparison of image quality ratings and inter-observer agreement (Kappa).
Fig 1.
Images from a 64-year-old male patient who suffered from intermittent claudication for 8 years and rest pain for 1 month.
Consistent with CE-MRA and DSA, FSD-MRA revealed an occlusive lesion on the right anterior tibial artery (white arrow) and right posterior tibial artery (white arrowheads) with collateral artery formation.
Fig 2.
Images from a 37-year-old male patient who had been suffering from intermittent claudication for 2 weeks.
Consistent with CE-MRA and DSA, FSD-MRA demonstrated an occlusive lesion on the right tibiofibular trunk (white arrow). Due to inhomogeneous background suppression, the distal right posterior tibial artery and right fibular artery are not shown clearly in the FSD-MRA image.
Fig 3.
Images from an 81-year-old female patient with a 20-year history of diabetes suffered intermittent claudication for 1 year without rest pain.
Consistent with CE-MRA and DSA, FSD-MRA revealed an occlusive lesion on the left posterior tibial artery (white arrowheads) and multiple significant stenosis lesions on the left tibiofibular trunk and left fibular artery. Venous contamination mimicked the left anterior tibial artery in FSD-MRA and CE-MRA, however an occlusion was apparent at that location in DSA (white arrow).
Table 4.
Diagnostic accuracy (95%CI) of FSD-MRA, relative to CE-MRA, for detection of clinically significant (≥50%) stenosis.
Table 5.
Diagnostic accuracy (95%CI) of FSD-MRA and CE-MRA, relative to DSA as a reference standard.
Fig 4.
ROC curves of stenosis degree detection in FSD-MRA, CE-MRA, and CE+FSD-MRA with DSA as the standard reference.
The area under the curve was largest for CE+FSD MRA (yellow, 0.929, p < 0.01), and was slightly larger for CE-MRA (blue, 0.915, p < 0.01) than for FSD-MRA (green, 0.903, p < 0.01).
Table 6.
Diagnostic accuracy of FSD-MRA, CE-MRA, and CE+FSD-MRA for detection of clinically significant stenosis, relative to DSA, with a stenosis degree cut-off value of 2.