Fig 1.
Cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) polarized macrophages toward M2 phenotype.
Thioglycollate-activated macrophages were collected from mice and cultured with CDCs- or mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF)-conditioned medium for 3 days. Representative images showed the CD206-positive M2 macrophages (A) and CD86-positive M1 macrophages (C) in each group. The nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 50 μm. Quantitative data of CD206-positive M2 macrophages (B) and CD86-positive M1 macrophages (D) are the mean± SEM from 3 independent experiments.
Fig 2.
Histological analysis of the infarction size 5 and 14 days after treatments.
(A) Representative images of Masson’s trichrome staining showed the infarction area (blue color). (B) Quantitative data of infarct scar size are the mean± SEM from 5 or 6 independent individuals at each time point in each group. *p<0.05 versus control groups for each time point. CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived cells; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblasts.
Fig 3.
Apoptotic cells in the infarcted heart 5 and day 14 after treatments.
(A) Representative images showed the TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells (green) within the infarction area. The nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 20 μm. (B) Quantitative data of TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells are the mean± SEM from 5 or 6 independent individuals at each time point in each group. Arrows in (A) indicate positively stained cells. *P<0.05 versus control groups for each time point. CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived cells; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblasts.
Fig 4.
Microvessel density around the border zone of infarction 5 and day 14 after treatments.
(A) Representative images showed the microvessels stained positively with CD31 antibody. The nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 20 μm. (B) Quantitative data of microvessel density are the mean± SEM from 5 or 6 independent individuals at each time point in each group. *p<0.05 versus control groups for each time point. CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived cells; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblasts.
Fig 5.
The recruitment of the inflammatory cells in the infarcted heart 5 and day 14 after treatments.
Representative images showed the whole macrophages (F4/80 positive, A) and NIMP-R14-positive neutrophils (C) within the infarction area. The nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 20 μm. Quantitative data of F4/80-positive macrophages (B) and NIMP-R14 positive-neutrophils (D) are the mean± SEM from 5 or 6 independent individuals at each time point in each group. *p<0.05 versus control groups for each time point. CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived cells; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblasts.
Fig 6.
The M1 and M2 macrophages in the infarcted heart 5 and day 14 after treatments.
Representative images showed the CD206-positve M2 macrophages (A) and CD86-positive M1 macrophages (C) within the infarction area. The nuclei were stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 20 μm. Quantitative data of CD206-positve M2 macrophages (B) and CD86-positive M1 macrophages (D) are the mean± SEM from 5 or 6 independent individuals at each time point in each group. *p<0.05 versus control groups for each time point. CDCs: Cardiosphere-derived cells; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblasts.