Fig 1.
Chemical structure of morin.
Fig 2.
SEM micrograph of AMSNPs-MOR.
Table 1.
Zeta potential values of NPs dispersed in aqueous solutions at different pH.
Fig 3.
(A) MSNPs (blue), AMSNPs (black), AMSNPs-MOR (red) and morin (green) in the range of 3600–1300 cm-1 and (B) MSNPs (blue), AMSNPs (black), AMSNPs-MOR (red) and morin (green) in the range of 1299–600 cm-1.
Fig 4.
Morin adsorption onto silica nanoparticles.
(A) Adsorbed amount of morin as a function of different initial amount of morin; linear fit of experimental data obtained using (B) Langmuir (C) Freundlich and (D) Temkin isotherm models at 25°C. Values are the mean of n = 3 (mean± SD).
Table 2.
Adsorption isotherms parameters of morin onto AMSNPs.
Fig 5.
Adsorption kinetics of morin onto AMSNPs.
(A) Effect of contact time; (B) linear fit of experimental data obtained using pseudo-first order model, (C) pseudo-second order model and (D) intra-particle diffusion model. Values are the mean of n = 3 (mean± SD).
Table 3.
Adsorption kinetics parameters of morin onto AMSNPs.
Fig 6.
Removal of adsorbed morin by benzalkonium chloride (BAC).
Values are the mean of n = 3 (mean± SD). ****p < 0.0001 vs. control, ####p < 0.0001 vs. 0.1% BAC at 25°C or 0.01% BAC at 80°C.
Fig 7.
Stern–Volmer type plot for singlet oxygen deactivation by AMSNPs-MOR.
Fig 8.
Control (DMPO + H2O2+glycerin 10%); (B) morin (DMPO + H2O2 + morin 0.11 mM/glycerin 10%); (C) AMSNPs (DMPO + H2O2 + NP 6800 mg L-1/glycerin 10%); (D) AMSNPs-MOR (DMPO + H2O2 + morin 0.11 mM/NP 6800 mg L-1 /glycerin 10%). In spectrum (A), the symbol (#) indicates the presence of DMPO-HO• adduct. The symbol (*) indicates the presence of the DMPO/glycerin adduct; and the arrow indicates the peak that was used for the analysis of each spectrum.
Fig 9.
Antioxidant capacity against HO• radical.
Control (0 μM morin), AMSNPs (0 μM morin), morin solution suspended in 10% glycerin (MORIN) (36 μM morin), AMSNPs-MOR (18 μM and 36 μM). All the values are given as average ± SD, in three independent assays (*p < 0.05 vs. control; ****p < 0.0001 vs. control).