Fig 1.
Illustrations of multiscale decomposition procedures.
(a) Coarse-graining procedure for scale = 2. The window size is the scale level s. (b) Moving average procedure for scale = 2. The window size is the scale level s, and overlap size is s − 1.
Fig 2.
Simulated EEG signal generated by tuning three modulatory inputs and the corresponding MSPE indexes.
(A) Three normalized modulatory inputs changed with time. IM,T, IM,R and IM,P represent the inputs to TCR, TRN and pyramidal cells, respectively. (B) The simulated EEG signal obtained from the TCNMM model. (C) The power spectral densities of the signal in different anesthesia states. (D) The CG-SPE, CG-RPE and CG-TPE indexes computed from the generated signal. (E) The MA-SPE, MA-RPE, MA-TPE indexes computed from the generated signal. In (D-E), the MSPE indexes were delimited by vertical bars into four states: awake state, transition, unconsciousness and RoC state. IM,T, IM,R and IM,P represent modulatory inputs for the TCR, TRN and the pyramidal population, respectively.
Table 1.
Modulatory inputs for TCNMM.
Fig 3.
The CG-SPE, CG-RPE and CG-TPE indexes with different parameters in awake and anesthesia states.
(A-C) The mean and standard deviation of three indexes with parameters: N = 1000, m = 6, τ = 1, a = 2 and q = 0.1 (D-F) The mean and standard deviation of three indexes with parameters: N = 4000, m = 6, τ = 1, a = 2 and q = 0.1.
Fig 4.
The values of six MSPEs versus signal to noise rate (SNR) in awake state (lines without circle) and unconsciousness (lines with circle).
Different colors represent different scales. Colored triangle symbols pointed out the SNR value where the indexes could tell awake state and anesthesia state apart.
Table 2.
The thresholds of SNR.
Fig 5.
An EEG recording from one patient, its spectrogram and corresponding MSPE indexes.
(A) The EEG recording. The EEG recordings are divided into four states: awake state, induction, unconsciousness and RoC states. (B) The spectrogram of the EEG signal. (C-H) The corresponding CG-SPE, CG-RPE, CG-TPE, MA-SPE, MA-RPE and MA-TPE indexes of the signal at five decomposition scales. Different colors represent different decomposition scales.
Fig 6.
The median values of six MSPE indexes in awake state (I), unconsciousness (II) and RoC state (III).
The circles symbolize the median values and different colors represent different decomposition scales.
Fig 7.
The statistical box plots of CG-SPE, CG-RPE and CG-TPE at scale 1 and 2 in awake state (I), unconsciousness (II) and RoC state (III).
S1, S2 represent scale 1 and 2, respectively.
Fig 8.
The statistical box plots of MA-SPE, MA-RPE and MA-TPE at scale 1–5 in awake state (I), unconsciousness (II) and RoC state (III).
S1-S5 represent scale 1–5, respectively.
Table 3.
The value difference of MA-based MSPEs between different states.
Fig 9.
Statistical analysis of the absolute slope for six MSPE indexes at five scales.
The numbers represent the mean values of absolute slope (*100) for each measure. The bar height indicates the mean value, and the lower and upper lines are the standard deviation of the measures.
Fig 10.
Correlation coefficient among six MSPE measures at five scales over 20 patients.