Fig 1.
Banana and coffee plantation locations in Nepal.
Fig 2.
Bioclimatic strata (GEnS), within the major bioclimatic zones (GEnZ) at the cultivation areas of banana and coffee in Nepal.
Overlap of color in the strata represents occurrence of both crops (EHM—extremely hot and moist; HD—hot and dry; HM—hot and mesic; WTM—warm temperate and mesic). GEnS is represented numerically (nominally arranged along an increasing average annual temperature gradient) in a range from 1–125. Banana and coffee plantations were found between strata 66–113.
Table 1.
Bioclimatic and geographical data set used to predict suitability of two crops.
Fig 3.
Banana and coffee suitability zones based on ensemble output for current conditions (a and b) and for future (c-j).
Banana is represented by yellow colouring and coffee by brown.
Fig 4.
Change in GEnZ in Nepal across four CIMP5 RCP scenarios compared to current conditions.
(CM—cold and mesic; CW—cold and wet; CTD—cool, temperate, and dry; CTM—cool, temperate, and mesic; ECM—extremely cold and mesic; ECW—extremely cold and wet; EHM—extremely hot and moist; HD—hot and dry; HM—hot and mesic; WTM—warm temperate and mesic; y-axis stands for percentage change).
Table 2.
Results of the ensemble models showing changes in suitable and non-suitable areas, including area that lost suitability and new potential area for plantation of selected crops by 2050.
Fig 5.
Change in major production zones for a) banana and b) coffee in Nepal across four RCP scenarios compared to current conditions.
The dashed line indicates highest density of cells representing maximum suitable area in the baseline scenario and a dotted line indicates changes in suitable area and a shift in elevation in future scenarios compared to current suitable elevation. All the layers generated for baseline and future scenarios are available at http://landscapeportal.org/layers/.