Fig 1.
The stimuli used in our experiments.
(a) Arabic digits, (b) simple-form Chinese characters, (c) Chinese hand signs as used in Chinese Sign Language. Stimuli in each column represent identical numbers. Note that the number 5 is omitted in all notations. This enabled us to use it as the standard for the magnitude judgement task. Hand signs images retrieved from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_number_gestures, created by Wikipedia user Ningling, and used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.
Table 1.
Regression coefficients of dRT over number and dRT over magnitude bins.
Fig 2.
Left-handed and right-handed responses to each number in each notation, parity judgement task.
SNARC effect: Right-handed responses slower than left-handed responses for small numbers, faster for large numbers. Error bars indicate within-subject SEMs for each number, pooled across each contrast of numbers [52,53]. Horizontal dashed lines indicate grand means of RTs for each notation.
Fig 3.
Left-handed and right-handed responses to each number in each notation, magnitude judgement.
SNARC effect: Right-handed responses slower than left-handed responses for small numbers, faster for large numbers. Distance effect: Increased responses times for numbers closer to the middle. Bottom right: Participants who reported using visual categorisation (per our questionnaire; plotted in grey) vs. those who did not. Note the slightly compressed y-axis in this plot. Error bars indicate within-subject SEMs for each number, pooled across each contrast of numbers [52,53]. Horizontal dashed lines indicate grand means of RTs for each notation.
Fig 4.
dRTs computed from vincentized RTs.
Colours indicate the three notations, Arabic digits, Chinese characters, and Chinese hand signs. Bins in ascending order by RT (i.e., bin 1 contains the fastest responses). Note the more strongly negative dRT slope in bins with slower RTs.