Table 1.
Characteristics of the sampling sites.
Fig 1.
Phylogenetic relationships within subtribe Angraecinae.
50% Bayesian majority-rule consensus tree from combined plastid data (matK, rps16 and trnL). Values above branches or at nodes represent posterior probability (PP) and bootstrap percentage (BP) support. Dashes represent branches that collapsed in MP strict consensus tree. Colors represent geographic distribution of taxa; in bold are Angraecum sensu Garay species. Abbreviations in brackets denote sections sensu Garay: Aca = Acaulia, Agd = Angraecoides, Ang = Angraecum, Arc = Arachnangraecum, Bor = Boryangraecum, Chl = Chlorangraecum, Fil = Filangis, Gom = Gomphocentrum, Had = Hadrangis, Hum = Humblotiangraecum, Lem = Lemurangis, Lep = Lepervenchea, Pct = Pectinaria, Per = Perrierangraecum, Psj = Pseudojumellea.
Fig 2.
Posterior probability distributions for the speciation rates (in Ma) of morphological characters using equal rate speciation (μ0 ~ μ1) with the BiSSE model and equal rate extinction (λi ~ λj) with the MuSSE model: flower color (A), labellum position (B), flower size (C), and spur length (D). Abbreviation: v, very.
Fig 3.
Configuration shifts from the 95% credible set sampled by BAMM from the Angraecinae phylogeny and evolutionary rates through time.
The intensity of colors on branches reflects the relative probability density of speciation rates (cool colors = slow, warm = fast). Black circles denote the position of the macroevolutionary regime shifts present in each sample. Blue curve indicates the mean speciation rate-through-time trajectory of Angraecinae in million years. Values above dendograms (f: configuration sampled frequency) indicate the marginal probability of rate shifts observed on branches across the posterior distribution of macroevolutionary rate shift configurations.
Fig 4.
Best configuration shifts from the 95% credible set sampled by BAMM for the evolution of spur length across the phylogeny of Angraecinae.
Color intensity on branches reflects the relative probability density of the instantaneous rate of phenotypic evolution. Black circles denote the position of the macroevolutionary regime shifts present in each sample. Blue curve denotes the mean evolution rate-through-time trajectory.
Fig 5.
Ancestral state reconstructions of floral characters in Angraecinae implemented in ‘diversitree’; colors represent character states of the labellum position (uppermost and lowermost) and pie charts represent the probability of ancestral states at nodes. C denotes taxa illustrated in the pictures to the right to represent the flower shape of each clade except for Jumellea which is represented by Jumellea comorensis (not sampled in the phylogeny). Photo: Andriananjamanantsoa.