Fig 1.
5G Channel Sounder Block Diagram.
(a) Tx; (b) Rx.
Table 1.
Measurement Setup Parameters.
Fig 2.
Measurement Setup and Environment.
Fig 3.
CI (d0 = 1 m) path-loss model for indoor channels in mm-wave bands for V-V and V-H polarization antennas.
(a) 6.5 GHz, (b) 10.5 GHz, (c) 15 GHz, (d) 19 GHz, (e) 28 GHz and (f) 38 GHz.
Table 2.
Single frequency CI, CIX and FI path-loss model parameters for all measured frequencies in indoor channels; Freq. and Pol. stand for frequency and polarization, respectively.
Fig 4.
Attenuation Factor (XPL) of cross-polarization antenna configuration versus Tx-Rx separation distance for indoor channels at mm-wave bands.
(a) 6.5 GHz, (b) 10.5 GHz, (c) 15 GHz, (d) 19 GHz, (e) 28 GHz and (f) 38 GHz.
Table 3.
6.5 GHz, 10.5 GHz, 15 GHz, 19 GHz, 28 GHz and 38 GHz multi-frequency path-loss model parameters for CI, CIX, FA, ABG and ABGX models for indoor channel environments.
Table 4.
6.5 GHz, 10.5 GHz, 15 GHz, 19 GHz, 28 GHz and 38 GHz multi-frequency combined polarization path-loss model parameters for CI, FA, and ABG models for indoor channel environments.
Fig 5.
Path loss versus frequency for V-V and V-H polarization measurements for indoor channels of mm-wave bands.
(a) V-V and (b) V-H.
Fig 6.
RMS delay spread versus Tx-Rx separation distance for V-V and V-H polarizations for indoor channels for mm-wave bands.
(a) 6.5 GHz, (b) 10.5 GHz, (c) 15 GHz, (d) 19 GHz, (e) 28 GHz and (f) 38 GHz.
Fig 7.
Dispersion factor variation with Tx-Rx separation distance and frequency.
Table 5.
Maximum excess delay, mean values of RMS delay spread, MN-EX delay and dispersion factor for V-V and V-H polarization measurements in indoor channels at mm-wave bands.
Fig 8.
RMS delay spread versus frequency for V-V and V-H polarization measurements for indoor channels of mm-wave bands.
(a) V-V and (b) V-H.
Fig 9.
CDFs for RMS delay spreads for V-V polarization at all measured frequencies.
(a) 6.5 GHz, (b) 10.5 GHz, (c) 15 GHz, (d) 19 GHz, (e) 28 GHz and (f) 38 GHz.
Fig 10.
CDFs for RMS delay spreads for V-H polarization at all measured frequencies.
(a) 6.5 GHz, (b) 10.5 GHz, (c) 15 GHz, (d) 19 GHz, (e) 28 GHz and (f) 38 GHz.
Table 6.
Best fit parameters of the two distributions for the RMS delay spread at 6.5 GHz, 10.5 GHz, 15 GHz, 19 GHz, 28 GHz and 38 GHz, and goodness of fit parameter via NMSE for V-V and V-H polarizations.
The NMSE ranges from − ∞ to 1, where − ∞ a poor fit and 1 is indicates a perfect fit.
Table 7.
Comparison of propagation studies for path-loss models and RMS delay spreads for indoor channels at mm-wave frequency bands.