Table 1.
Patients clinical and demographic overview.
Fig 1.
Kinetic/Kinematics parameters.
The figure shows the time series of the variables examined in the paper. In the horizontal axis is represented the time normalized respect to the duration of the gait cycle (from the hell contact to the floor to the ipsilateral succeeding hell contact). The arrows indicate the peak values here studied. The black line represents the mean values of the baseline of the patient with FRDA, while the gray band represents the standard deviation of the control group. In the first row are represented in degree the flexion and extension rotation of the hip, the knee and the ankle, from left to right respectively. In the second and third rows are represented joints moment and power, respectively, normalized respect to body wheight. In the four row is represented the hip ab-adduction and the angle of the internal end external rotation of the foot.
Table 2.
T-test results on average values and standard deviations of kinetic/kinematic parameters of Gait Analysis: FRDA (1st assessment) vs Controls.
Fig 2.
Ankle, hip and knee rotational co-variation during a complete gait cycle.
The figure depicts the angles of hip, knee and ankle during the gait cycle on 3D plot, that is, the angle values on vertical axes of Fig 1 for hip, knee and ankle was bring back, respectively on x, y and z axes, in this figure. This figure represents the lower limb joint co-variation during the gait cycle. Solid line represents the mean values of controls, dotted line the baseline of FRDA, and dashed line the FRDA follow-up. Dark gray arrows indicate the foot landing, that is, the gait cycle start. White arrows indicate the beginning of the swing phase. The large light gray arrow represents the gait pattern progressive deterioration towards ankle and knee extension moving from the dotted to the dashed curves in patients with FRDA (see S1 Fig for a 3D animation of the graph).