Fig 1.
A. Micrograph of the adult of Pieris rapae Linne. B. Spores of Nosema sp. YNPr at 400X.
Fig 2.
The evolution of microsporidia at the genome level.
The maximum likelihood phylogeny of 12 microsporidia species based on a concatenation of common orthologous genes.
Table 1.
Genome assembly statistics for Nosema sp. YNPr.
Fig 3.
Noncoding regions of selected Nosema sp. YNPr genes.
A. Putative regulatory C-rich motif in the region upstream of the start codon in Nosema sp. YNPr. B. Comparison of the regions flanking the introns for five Nosema sp. YNPr genes.
Fig 4.
Venn diagram comparing the genes of three species of microsporidia.
The number of homologous genes and species-specific genes among Nosema sp. YNPr, Nosema ceranae and Nosema apis are shown.
Fig 5.
Comparison of coding sequence (CDS) numbers based on COG annotation and protease class among Nosema sp. YNPr, N. ceranae and N. apis.
Black arrows indicate gene function categories for which Nosema sp. YNPr and N. ceranae differ in number of coding sequences from N. apis. A: RNA processing and modification; B: Chromatin structure and dynamics; C: Energy production and conversion; D: Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning; E: Amino acid transport and metabolism; F: Nucleotide transport and metabolism; G: Carbohydrate transport and metabolism; H: Coenzyme transport and metabolism; I: Lipid transport and metabolism; J: Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis; K: Transcription; L: Replication, recombination and repair; M: Cell wall/membrane/envelope biogenesis; N: Cell motility; O: Posttranslational modification, protein turnover, chaperones; P: Inorganic ion transport and metabolism; Q: Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism; R: General function prediction only; S: Function unknown; T: Signal transduction mechanisms; U: Intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport; V: Defense mechanisms; W: Extracellular structures.
Fig 6.
Comparison of CDS size between Nosema sp. YNPr and two other microsporidia.
A. Degrees of reduction in length of Nosema sp. YNPr (Np) CDS relative to those of N. ceranae (Nc). X-axis value is expressed as percentage: 100 (Nc CDS length–Np CDS length)/(Nc CDS length). B. Degrees of reduction in length of Nosema sp. YNPr CDS relative to those of E.cuniculi (Ec). X-axis value is expressed as percentage: 100 (Ec CDS length–Np CDS length)/(Ec protein length). The positive classes representative of shorter Nosema sp.YNPr CDS are in grey. C. Two cases showing the signal peptide deletions in Nosema sp. YNPr relative to those of N. ceranae.
Fig 7.
Syntenic, intergenic and overall size comparisons of Nosema sp. YNPr scaffolds with those of N. ceranae and N. apis.
A. Syntenic and intergenic comparisons of two Nosema sp. YNPr scaffolds with those of N. ceranae and N. apis. B. Comparison of average intergenic lengths in Nosema sp. YNPr, N. ceranae and N. apis.
Table 2.
Transposon types in three Nosema species.