Table 1.
Demographics and comorbidities of diabetes mellitus patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.
Fig 1.
Cummulative incidences of (A) NPDR, (B) PDR, and (C) DME: comparison between diabetes mellitus patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.
Table 2.
Hazard ratios of outcomes according to sex, age, and comorbidity, obtained using univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.
Table 3.
Incidence and adjusted hazard ratio of NPDR, PDR, and DME according to sex, age, and comorbidity, compared between diabetes patients with and without diabetic nephropathy.
Table 4.
Overall PDR and DME events and hazard ratios of PDR and DME measured for NPDR among study participants within a 5-year follow-up period.