Fig 1.
Inhibition of wheat (T. aestivum) coleoptile fragment elongation in the presence of the EtOAc extracts fractions of Pteridium arachnoideum green fronds and litter and the herbicide Logran in different concentrations.
(A) and (B): Green frond fractions; (C): Litter fractions. Black columns, 0.8 mg.mL−1; gray columns, 0.4 mg.mL−1; white columns, 0.2 mg.mL−1. Vertical bars indicate standard deviation. Values marked with the letter a (p < 0.01) or b (0.01 < p < 0.05) are significantly different from those of the negative control according to Welch's test.
Fig 2.
Selligueain A isolated from green fronds and litter of P. arachnoideum.
Fig 3.
Inhibition of wheat (T. aestivum) coleoptile fragment elongation in the presence of selligueain A isolated from P. arachnoideum or the herbicide Logran at different concentrations.
Vertical bars show standard deviation. Values marked with the letter a (p < 0.01) and b (0.01 < p < 0.05) are significantly different from those of the negative control according to Welch's test.
Table 1.
Early growth inhibitiona of sesame (S. indicum) seedlings treated with different concentrations of selligueain A.
Table 2.
Relative frequencies (%) of the size classes of sesame (S. indicum) seedling root metaxylem cells treated with different concentrations of selligueain A.
Fig 4.
Micrographies of root metaxylem cells of sesame (S. indicum) seedlings.
20× magnification.
Table 3.
Chlorophyll a (Ca), chlorophyll b (Cb), and total chlorophyll (Ca + b) contentsa of photosynthetic cotyledons of sesame (S. indicum) seedlings treated with different concentrations of selligueain A.
Fig 5.
HPLC-PDA chromatograms of the extracts of soil collected from under a P. arachnoideum patch.
S: selligueain A standard; E1: ESQ-1 soil sample extract; E2: ESQ-2 soil sample extract; E3: ESQ-3 soil sample extract; E4: ESQ-4 soil sample extract; 1: selligueain A peak.