Fig 1.
Geographic locations of Venturia inaequalis sampling sites in Iran.
Different populations are represented by different color filled circles: Northwest population (red); West (purple); Central (blue); North (green), and Northeast (yellow).
Fig 2.
Ranges of apple scab symptoms on different apple cultivars in Iran.
a-b, Wild apple (Malus orientalis); c, Red delicious (Malus domestica); d-f, Iranian endemic cultivars (Malus domestica). Photographs were taken during July and August, 2014 when the fruits and leaves were 2-4-months-old depending on the varieties.
Table 1.
Genetic diversities in different populations of Venturia inaequalis.
Table 2.
Summary of the genetic analysis of Venturia inaequalis isolates with 22 SSR loci.
Table 3.
Hierarchical analysis of molecular variance of Venturia inaequalis in five populations from different regions of Iran, and three populations on different cultivars in the North of Iran.
Table 4.
Pairwise FST (diagonal vales; P = 0.001) and Nm calculated with GeneALex for Venturia inaequalis populations in Iran.
Fig 3.
Population structure showing ancestry coefficient of Venturia inaequalis in Iran using the Structure bar plot (K = 2).
Fig 4.
Unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram based on Nei's genetic distance between five Venturia inaequalis populations with 22 SSR markers.
Fig 5.
Principal coordinate analysis showing the clustering of three Venturia inaequalis populations from different apple cultivars in the North of Iran.
Coord. 1, coordinate 1 (11.4%), Coor. 2, coordinate 2 (10.52). Pop 1, wild apple; Pop 2, Iranian endemic cultivars; Pop 3, commercial cultivars.
Table 5.
Pairwise FST (diagonal values) and Nm calculated with GeneALex for Venturia inaequalis populations on different apple cultivars in the North of Iran.