Table 1.
General charactersitics of patients with HBV and non-HBV associated PIGN.
Fig 1.
Diffuse endocapillary proliferation in HBV-PIGN and non-HBV associated PIGN: Representative glomerular pathology shows increased cell counts in both the glomerular capillary and mesangium (arrows).
The opening of glomerular capillary is noticeably reduced in breadth. Glomerular pathology was indistinguishable between non-HBV associated PIGN (A, B) and HBV-PIGN (C, D).
Fig 2.
The presence of HBsAg in glomeruli of HBV-PIGN: HbsAg immunostaining was performed with a specific antibody and visualized by the immunoperoxidase method.
Representative pictures show dark red positive stains in glomerulus and in the basal membrane of tubules in HBV-PIGN. The stains are negative in non-HBV associated PIGN.
Fig 3.
Fewer “hump-shape” sub-epithelial dense deposits in patients with HBV-PIGN.
Representative electron microscopy show multiple “hump shape” sub-epithelial dense deposits (arrows) in non-HBV associated PIGN. The number of dense deposit is fewer in HBV-PIGN (arrow).
Table 2.
Glomerular pathology.
Fig 4.
The presence of HBV DNA in glomeruli of HBV-PIGN: Glomeruli were isolated from patients with HBV-PIGN and non-HBV associated PIGN.
HBV-DNA in glomeruli were detected by PCR. β-actin was used as a control to verify genomic DNA presence. PCR products with correct size were analyzed by agarose gels together with molecular markers. Representative gel shows the result of HBV-DNA and β-actin PCRs. Lane 1–10 were the glomeruli from each of 10 patients with HBV-PIGN. Lane 11 was the glomeruli from a patient with non-HBV associated PIGN. Lane 12 was a sample from HBV DNA infected liver tissue as a positive control. HBV DNA was negative in patient with non-HBV associated PIGN (lane 11) and in one HBV-PIGN patient (lane 4).
Table 3.
Clinical outcomes.