Fig 1.
Hypothetical examples showing species and taxonomic dissimilarity.
In both cases, the pair of sites has the same species dissimilarity (βcc), but different taxonomic dissimilarity (βccT). For each site species presence (1) or absence (0) is shown. In the taxonomic trees, red circles represent the taxa that are present only in site A, blue circles are taxa found exclusively on site B, and green circles are the taxa shared between sites. Taxonomic dissimilarity is low (βccT = 0.423) when all the genera and families are shared, while it increases (βccT = 0.769) when only one genera and one family are present in both sites.
Fig 2.
Spatial distribution of the species records used in this work for terrestrial vertebrates in the ecoregions located in the state of Hidalgo, central Mexico.
Table 1.
Number of species (S) and records (R) of terrestrial vertebrates at each ecoregion in Hidalgo, Mexico, and the percentage of inventory completeness (Com) calculated as the sample coverage [39].
Fig 3.
Multiple-site dissimilarity of terrestrial vertebrates.
Species and taxonomic total dissimilarity, and their turnover and richness difference components among six ecoregions in Hidalgo, Mexico.
Fig 4.
NMDS results for the four terrestrial vertebrate groups.
Dissimilarity in the taxonomic composition (βccT, β.3T and βrichT) determines the relative position of the six ecoregions of Hidalgo State, Mexico. Moist: Moist Forests, MF: Montane Forests, VB: Volcanic Belt, MC: Meseta Central, MM: Mexican Matorral, SM: Sierra Madre.
Fig 5.
Relationships between species and taxonomic dissimilarity.
Pearson correlations for total dissimilarity and its components of turnover and richness differences in pairwise comparisons of ecoregions, for each vertebrate group.