Table 1.
Steroids quantified in the circulation of women with ICP and controls.
Fig 1.
Algorithm for obtaining predictions of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP).
Table 2.
Levels of relevanta liver function tests and circulating steroids in patients with ICP and controls.
Table 3.
Discrimination between women with ICP and age- and gender-corresponding controls on the basis of relevanta liver function tests and circulating steroids measured by GC-MS or RIA as evaluated by receiver operating characteristics (ROC).
Table 4.
Relationships between ICP and circulating steroids measured by RIA (17-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate) and GC-MS (remaining steroids) as evaluated by OPLS model (for details see Statistical analysis).
Table 5.
Relationships between ICP and circulating steroids measured exclusively by GC-MS, as evaluated by the OPLS model and by multiple regression (for details see Statistical analysis).
Fig 2.
A simplified scheme of steroidogenesis in the Δ5 and Δ4 metabolic pathways in humans.
The symbols in parentheses “+” and “~” represent increased and unchanged steroid levels, respectively, in the ICP group.
Fig 3.
A simplified scheme of 5α/β-reductive progesterone and 20α-dihydroprogesterone catabolism and interconversion between the steroid 20-oxo and 20α-hydroxy-counterparts.
The symbols in parentheses “+”, “~”, and ”−” represent increased, unchanged steroid and decreased steroids levels, respectively, in the ICP group.
Fig 4.
A simplified scheme of 5α/β-reduced C19 steroid biosynthesis in the human “frontdoor pathway”.
The symbols in parentheses “+”, “~”, ”−“, and ”?” represent increased, unchanged, decreased and unknown steroids levels, respectively, in the ICP group.
Fig 5.
A simplified scheme of 5α/β-reduced C19 steroid biosynthesis in human, “backdoor pathway”.
The symbols in parentheses “+”, “~”, ”−“, and ”?” represent increased, unchanged, decreased and unknown steroids levels, respectively, in the ICP group.
Fig 6.
A simplified scheme of the biosynthesis of 5β-reduced C19 and C21 steroids in human.
The symbols in parentheses “+”, “~”, ”−“, and ”?” represent increased, unchanged, decreased and unknown steroids levels, respectively, in the ICP group.
Fig 7.
Discrimination of women with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) from controls (C) on the basis of maternal circulating steroids measured by radioimmunoassay (17-hydroxypregnenolone sulfate) and GC–MS (remaining steroids) (panels A and B) and on the basis of steroids measured exclusively by GC-MS (panels C and D) using orthogonal projections to latent structures.
Panels A and C illustrate the comparison of the probability of pathology with the actual state, while Panels B and D show logarithms of the ratios of the probability that the subject is a patient to the probability that the subject is a control (logarithm of the likelihood ratio, LLR, actual probability of ICP for patients = 1, LLR = ∞, actual probability of ICP for controls = 0, LLR = -∞). A good discrimination using discrimination on the basis of steroids measured by radioimmunoassay and GC–MS (sensitivity of 0.933 (0.702, 0.988) and specificity of 1.000 (0.816, 1.000) (shown as estimates with 95% confidence limits)) as well as for that on the basis of the steroids measured exclusively by GC–MS (sensitivity of 0.933 (0.702, 0.988) and specificity of 0.941 (0.730, 0.990)).