Table 1.
Sequences of the primers used in the study and corresponding references.
Fig 1.
Typical amplification curves, melt curves and standard curves generated with the five primer sets.
(A,B,E,F and I) Amplification curves generated by the real-time measurement of the fluorescent signal at the end of each amplification cycle; (C,D,G,H, and K) Melt curves analysis of the PCR product; (J and L) Amplification curves and standard curve generated during the assessment of primer set II on dilution series of calibrated Plasmodium vivax sporozoites standard (vial 1), demonstrating the linear relationship between the logarithm of the parasitic concentration and the CP value. Brown and green lines represent Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax standards respectively; blue lines represent the non-template negative control.
Table 2.
Optimal reaction conditions and corresponding efficiencies using the CFX-96® (Biorad) device.
Table 3.
Results of the assessment of each primer set on sporozoites, oocysts and blood stages standards.
Table 4.
Results of the assessment of each primer set on calibrated standards of Plasmodium vivax sporozoites.
Table 5.
Results of the assessment of each primer set on calibrated standards of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites.
Table 6.
Determination of the limit of detection (LOD) using calibrated standards of Pf and Pv sporozoites.
Table 7.
Descriptive statistic of the sporozoite loads in naturally infected Anopheles collected along the Thai-Myanmar border.
Fig 2.
Frequency distribution of the sporozoite loads in naturally infected Anopheles collected along the Thai-Myanmar border.
The sporozoite loads in the studied area are very low: 60% (30/49) of the infected Anopheles carry less than 100 sporozoites.