Fig 1.
Map showing the localities where Didelphis aurita and Didelphis albiventris have been recorded in South America.
The publicly available map layer was obtained from http://www.arcgis.com/features/features.html and the image prepared with the ArcMap 10 (ESRI Inc.). Sampling localities of different species are shown by different symbols.
Fig 2.
Map showing the geographic distribution of our samples used for geometric morphometrics analyses.
The publicly available map layer was obtained from http://www.arcgis.com/features/features.html and the image prepared with the ArcMap 10 (ESRI Inc.). The horizontal and vertical lines correspond to the IUCN map distribution for Didelphis albiventris and D. aurita used to categorize the specimens as sympatric/allopatric. Sampling localities of different species and different local categories (allopatric and sympatric) are shown by different symbols.
Fig 3.
Disposition of 25 landmarks on a skull of Didelphis albiventris specimen.
1 = midpoint of central incisors; 2 = posterior-most point of lateral incisor alveolus; 3–5 = canine area; 5–7 = pre-molar series length; 6–8 = first molar area; 9–11 = second molar area; 12–14 = third molar area; 15–17 = fourth molar area; 18–21 = temporal muscle insertion area; 22 = most posterior tip of the palatine; 23–25 = occipital condyle area.
Fig 4.
Maps showing the climatic suitability for the White-eared Opossum, D. albiventris (at left), and for the Brazilian Common Opossum, D. aurita (at right) in South America based on an ensemble approach. Warm colors indicate high climatic suitability (values close to one) and cold colors indicate low climatic suitability (values close to zero). The publicly available map layer was obtained from http://www.arcgis.com/features/features.html and the image prepared with the ArcMap 10 (ESRI Inc.). The polygons in each map corresponds to the IUCN map distribution for Didelphis albiventris and D. aurita.
Fig 5.
Maps showing the level of niche similarity between the White-eared Opossum (D. albiventris) and the Brazilian Common Opossum (D. aurita) based on the S index in South America (top left), Atlantic forest (top right), Cerrado (bottom left) and in the Araucaria moist forest (bottom right). Warm colors indicate high niche similarity (values close to one) and cold colors indicate low niche similarity (values close to zero). The publicly available map layers were obtained from http://www.arcgis.com/features/features.html and http://maps.tnc.org/gis_data.html and the image prepared with the ArcMap 10 (ESRI Inc.).
Fig 6.
Scatter plot of RW1 versus RW2.
Transformation grids visualize shape deformations relative to the mean at the positive and negative extremes of Relative Warps axes. Males and females from each species are labeled according to different colors within minimum convex hull superimposed. Allopatric and sympatric specimens are discriminated with unfilled and filled symbols respectively.
Table 1.
Procrustes ANOVA results analyzing the skull shape variation in Didelphis according to: species (D. albiventris and D. aurita), sex, geography (allopatric and sympatric) and size (natural logarithm of centroid size).
Fig 7.
Boxplot showing the difference in natural log centroid size (lnCS) between males and females of Didelphis albiventris and D. aurita.
Fig 8.
Schematic depiction of the factors analyzed in variation partition meant to illustrate both their individual contribution to Didelphis shape and their interaction components.
A) Didelphis genera; B) D. aurita; C) D. albiventris.