Table 1.
Key parameters used in the CKD Health Policy Model related to anemia, anemia treatment, complications of anemia and its treatment, and anemia treatment costs in persons with CKD stages 3 and 4.
Fig 1.
Annualized anemia treatment decision flowchart assumed in the CKD Policy Model.
Table 2.
Key parameters for probabilistic sensitivity analysis in the CKD Health Policy Model related to anemia, anemia treatment, complications of anemia and its treatment, and anemia treatment costs in persons with CKD stages 3 and 4.
Table 3.
Incremental cost-effectiveness as a function of anemia treatment targets in persons with CKD stages 3–4.
Fig 2.
Quality adjusted life years as a function of Hb treatment targets illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship in persons with CKD stages 3–4.
ESA, erythropoietin stimulating agents; Hb, hemoglobin.
Table 4.
One-way sensitivity analyses of cost-effectiveness for different anemia treatment targets.
Table 5.
Median (95% CI) lifetime cost, ESA dosage, life years, QALYs, and ICERs from probabilistic sensitivity analysis of incremental cost-effectiveness for different anemia treatment targets.
Fig 3.
Cost-effectiveness acceptability curves from probabilistic sensitivity analysis of incremental cost-effectiveness for anemia treatment targets.
Targets of 12.0 g/dl, 12.5 g/dl, and 13 g/dl never had the highest net benefit for any willingness to pay and therefore the corresponding curves equal the zero line.