Fig 1.
* Two participants discontinued the sport sessions during the follow-up phase of the intervention due to membership of an organised sports association, but did continue to attend the lifestyle, individual and parental sessions. Those participants were included in the per protocol analysis.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
Fig 2.
Changes over time in: a) BMI-SDS, b) FEV1%predicted, c) FVC%predicted, d), FEV1/FVC (in %) §. Data are presented as mean (SEM). *: Significant difference over time in the intervention group (p<0.05). †: Significant difference over time in the control group (p<0.05). ‡: Significant difference between intervention and control group over time (p<0.05). §: Intention to treat analyses are presented. Abbreviations: BMI-SDS: body mass index standard deviation score, FEV1%predicted: forced expiratory volume in 1 second in %predicted, FVC: forced vital capacity in %predicted.
Fig 3.
Changes over time in: a) ERV%predicted, b) TLC%predicted, c) (c)- ACT ll, d) PAQLQ ll §. Data are presented as mean (SEM). *: Significant difference over time in the intervention group (p<0.05). †: Significant difference over time in the control group (p<0.05). ‡: Significant difference between intervention and control group over time (p<0.05). §: Intention to treat analyses are presented. ll: Only subjects with an asthma diagnosis are shown. Abbreviations: (c)-ACT: (childhood) asthma control test (score can range between 0 = not well controlled to 27 = well controlled asthma), ERV%predicted: expiratory reserve volume in % predicted, PAQLQ, paediatric asthma quality of life questionnaire (with 23 questions in three domains (symptoms, activity limitation and emotional function), all questions can be scored on a 7-point scale (7 = not bothered at all—1 = extremely bothered). The overall PAQLQ score is the mean of all 23 responses.), TLC%predicted: total lung capacity in % predicted.
Fig 4.
Changes over time in: a) Degree of EIB (in percent fall of FEV1 after exercise), b) Leptin concentration (in ng/ml), c) % of participants using SABA ll, d) % of participants using ICS ll §. Data are presented as mean (SEM). *: Significant difference over time in the intervention group (p<0.05). †: Significant difference over time in the control group (p<0.05). ‡: Significant difference between intervention and control group over time (p<0.05). §: Intention to treat analyses are presented. ll: Only subjects with an asthma diagnosis are shown. Abbreviations: EIB: exercise induced bronchoconstriction (in percent fall of FEV1 after exercise test), ICS: inhaled corticosteroids, SABA: short acting beta2agonists.