Fig 1.
Graphical summary of representative studies focusing on beta-diversity along elevation gradients.
The list of representative studies is parsed in the different panels highlighting their biogeographic domain (a), their taxonomic focus (b) and the extent of the studied gradient (c).
Fig 2.
Sampling of Chrysomelidae in the Núi Chúa National Park.
(a) Geographic location of the study site in southern Vietnam and (b) placement and general sampling design in the Núi Chúa National Park. (c) Forest paths sampled from Vinh Hy and into higher elevations across the putative ecotone (gray area) between seasonally dry tropical forest in coastal lowlands and moister forest types. A thick gray line marks a pragmatic boundary between biome types putatively representing the strongest structuring effect of the ecotone (see main text for details).
Table 1.
Sampling of Chrysomelidae in Núi Chúa National Park.
Table 2.
Chrysomelidae diversity in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Fig 3.
MtDNA tree-based species delimitation of Chrysomelidae (species 001–069) in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Clade of the Maximum Likelihood cox1 haplotype tree of Chrysomelidae from the Núi Chúa National Park including the Cryptocephalinae and Eumolpinae (the sister clade is shown in Fig 4). Tip numbers are individual haplotypes matching the voucher number of the source specimen; when several specimens shared a haplotype, their total number is indicated. Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap support. Numbered black boxes are units based on the bPTP species delimitation method and white boxes morphospecies showing disagreements with bPTP species.
Fig 4.
MtDNA tree-based species delimitation of Chrysomelidae (species 070–155) in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Clade of the Maximum Likelihood cox1 haplotype tree of Chrysomelidae from the Núi Chúa National Park including the Hispinae, Criocerinae, Bruchinae, Chrysomelinae, Galerucinae and Alticinae (the sister clade is shown in Fig 3). Tip numbers are individual haplotypes matching the voucher number of the source specimen; when several specimens shared a haplotype, their total number is indicated. Numbers at nodes represent bootstrap support. Numbered black boxes are units based on the bPTP species delimitation method and white boxes morphospecies showing disagreements with bPTP species.
Table 3.
DNA-based species delimitation of Chrysomelidae in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Table 4.
Disagreements of bPTP species delimitation and morphospecies of Chrysomelidae in the Núi Chú National Park.
Fig 5.
Patterns of shared leaf beetle species and species exclusivity along an elevation gradient in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Species distribution patterns are shown including (a) and excluding (b) singletons. Each data point compares adjacent elevation segments of 40 m. The middle gray area identifies a middle increase in shared diversity and the thick discontinuous line a shift in species exclusivity tentatively placed at 300 m a.s.l.
Table 5.
Incidence-based species richness estimators of Chrysomelidae in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Table 6.
Chrysomelidae species composition similarity among forest paths in the Núi Chúa National Park.
Fig 6.
Beta-diversity patterns of leaf beetle communities in Núi Chúa National Park and their decomposition in turnover and nestedness components.
Clustering of (a) transects, (b) biomes within forest paths, (c) lower/drier range of sampled area, (d) higher/moister range of sampled area, and (e) altitudinal discrimination of biomes in Núi Chúa based on leaf beetle species dissimilarity and their turnover and nestedness components of beta-diversity measured using the framework proposed by [55].