Fig 1.
Enrollment and patient pathways.
All patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) recorded in the KIM registry were considered for inclusion in the analysis. Exclusion criteria included missing documentation of first medical contact. Analysis was done after stratification of patients according to FMC; patients presented to emergency medical services (EMS), hospitals with and without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) capability.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of patients.
Table 2.
Critical time intervals of patients with coronary angiography.
Fig 2.
Cumulative frequency distribution of critical time intervals by type of first medical contact.
(A) Proportion of patients who were treated within certain contact-to-balloon times with guideline-recommended target time of 90 minutes highlighted with dashed line. (B) Proportion of patients who were treated within certain door-to-balloon times with guideline-recommended target time of 60 minutes highlighted with dashed line. EMS indicates emergency medical services, PCI indicates percutaneous coronary intervention.
Table 3.
Angiographic and procedural results.
Fig 3.
Logistic regression analyses of type of first medical contact (FMC) on procedural results and in-hospital mortality.
Odds ratios (OR) of (A) TIMI flow < 3 and (B) in-hospital mortality by type of FMC unadjusted (Model 1), adjusted for baseline characteristics (age, gender, history of stroke, heart rate > 100/min, systolic blood pressure < 100 mmHg, cardiogenic shock) and symptom-to-contact time (Model 2), and adjusted as Model 2 plus contact-to-balloon time (Model 3). OR are indicated by bars, with the lines representing corresponding 95% confidence intervals. The horizontal line indicates no difference between type of FMC. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.
Table 4.
In-hospital outcomes of patients with coronary angiography.