Fig 1.
Specifications of the treatment and the gradient system.
(A) Schematic diagram of the therapeutic system. (B) Gradient pulse sequence used in the high magnetic field. (C) Changes in local temperatures in agarose samples prepared with (100 μg/ml) and without MNP.
Fig 2.
MNP-labeling and the therapeutic effect in MDA-MB-231cells.
(A) Prussian blue staining of unlabeled (i) and MNP-labeled (ii) cells. (B) MNP-labeled cells before treatment (i) and immediately after the treatment (ii).
Fig 3.
Effects of treatment on cancer cells assessed by LIVE/DEAD® assay microscopy in MDA-MB-231 cells.
(A) LIVE/DEAD® cell microscopic images of MNP-labeled, treated cells after 24 h. (i) Phase contrast optical image, (ii) distribution of live cells, (iii) distribution of dead cells, and (iv) merged image. (B) LIVE/DEAD® cell microscopic images of unlabeled, treated cells after 24 h. (i) Phase contrast optical image, (ii) distribution of live cells, (iii) distribution of dead cells, and (iv) merged image.
Fig 4.
The percentage of dead cells in MNP-labeled/treated, unlabeled/treated, and MNP-labeled/untreated MDA-MB-231 cells was measured with respect to the unlabeled/untreated cell population.
Fig 5.
Microscopic images of MNP aggregates orientation in MDA-MB-231 cells.
Optical microscopy and TEM micrographs of the orientation of MDA-MB-231 cells incubated (A) at B0 = 4.7T magnetic field (i) optical image at 40x, (ii) TEM at 17,500x (scale bar, 500 nm), and (iii) TEM at 65,000x (scale bar, 100 nm), or (B) at a non-magnetic condition (i) optical image at 40x, (ii) TEM at 17,500x (scale bar, 500 nm), and (iii) TEM at 65,000x (scale bar, 100 nm).
Fig 6.
Magnetic directionality of MNP aggregates.
(A) Example of images used to evaluate the magnetic directionality of MNP aggregates in MDA-MB-231 cells at t = 0 and t = 30 min after exposure to the external magnetic field (B0 = 9.4T). (B) Directionality histogram at t = 30 min. (C) Change in directionality (a.u.) with magnetization time, t (min).