Table 1.
Investigations at visit 1 and 2 (follow-up).
Table 2.
Characteristics of patients (n = 19).
Table 3.
Signs and symptoms including Budapest criteria at visit 1 and follow-up examination.
Table 4.
Frequencies of abnormal pathological values (including abnormal side-to-side differences) in CRPS-I.
Table 5.
Absolute abnormal values upon QST at follow-up and their change compared to visit 1.
Fig 1.
QST Profiles patients with ongoing and intermittent pain.
When patients were grouped into those with ongoing or intermittent pain at follow-up examination, patients with ongoing pain showed higher mechanical pain sensitivity as well as a stronger loss for mechanical detection on the affected extremity. CDT: cold detection threshold; WDT: warm detection threshold; TSL: thermal sensory limen; CPT: cold pain threshold; HPT: heat pain threshold; PPT: pressure pain threshold; MPT: mechanical pain threshold, MPS: mechanical pain sensitivity; WUR: wind-up ratio; MDT: mechanical detection threshold; VDT: vibration detection threshold; PHS: paradoxical heat sensitivity; DMA: dynamic mechanical allodynia. * p < 0.05.
Fig 2.
QST profiles of affected and unaffected extremity upon first visit.
CDT: cold detection threshold; WDT: warm detection threshold; TSL: thermal sensory limen; CPT: cold pain threshold; HPT: heat pain threshold; PPT: pressure pain threshold; MPT: mechanical pain threshold, MPS: mechanical pain sensitivity; WUR: wind-up ratio; MDT: mechanical detection threshold; VDT: vibration detection threshold; PHS: paradoxical heat sensitivity; DMA: dynamic mechanical allodynia. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.
Fig 3.
QST profiles of the affected extremity upon first visit and follow-up examination.
CDT: cold detection threshold; WDT: warm detection threshold; TSL: thermal sensory limen; CPT: cold pain threshold; HPT: heat pain threshold; PPT: pressure pain threshold; MPT: mechanical pain threshold, MPS: mechanical pain sensitivity; WUR: wind-up ratio; MDT: mechanical detection threshold; VDT: vibration detection threshold; PHS: paradoxical heat sensitivity; DMA: dynamic mechanical allodynia. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
Fig 4.
QST profiles of the unaffected (contralateral) extremity upon first visit and follow-up examination.
CDT: cold detection threshold; WDT: warm detection threshold; TSL: thermal sensory limen; CPT: cold pain threshold; HPT: heat pain threshold; PPT: pressure pain threshold; MPT: mechanical pain threshold, MPS: mechanical pain sensitivity; WUR: wind-up ratio; MDT: mechanical detection threshold; VDT: vibration detection threshold; PHS: paradoxical heat sensitivity; DMA: dynamic mechanical allodynia. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.
Table 6.
Treatment of CRPS patients.