Fig 1.
Approval history of capsule endoscope in the US, EU, and Japan.
a Pharmaceutical and Medical Device Agency, Japan; b Health, Labour and Welfare Ministry.
Fig 2.
Flow chart of study selection for the meta-analysis.
Table 1.
Data of the selected studies selected for the meta-analysis.
Table 2.
Cochran risk of bias summary for the meta-analysis (QUADAS-2).
Fig 3.
Forest plot of the odds ratio of OGIB detection in the premarketing and postmarketing settings.
A: Premarketing setting. B: Postmarketing setting.
Fig 4.
Changes in odds ratio and heterogeneity according to the time series.
A: Odds ratio: Comparison between including and excluding premarketing data. B: Heterogeneity. C: Odds ratio: Subgroup analyses of the regional difference of studies.
Fig 5.
Forest plot of the odds ratio.
A: Data including the overall studies. B: Data excluding the study of Marmo et al., [22].
Table 3.
Changes in the heterogeneity when each postmarketing study is excluded.
Fig 6.
The number and categories of papers published by all authors of the eight postmarketing studies.
A total of 2069 papers were found using PubMed (MEDLINE). The contents were summarized as the following four categories: capsule endoscopy, flexible endoscopy, both capsule and flexible endoscopy, and others not related to capsule or flexible endoscopy.