Fig 1.
Free-flight room schematic layout.
Fig 2.
Adapted mosquito holding chamber for skin residual efficacy experiments.
Fig 3.
Protection (%) against (a) landing, full coverage treated (FCT) material, (b) landing, partial coverage treated (PCT) material and (c) biting, partial coverage treated (PCT) material when washed 0, 1, 5 and 10 times. Clothing protection was evaluated through comparison with the bare arm control and untreated control material. Whiskers correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 4.
Protection (%) against (a) landing, full coverage treated (FCT) material, (b) landing, partial coverage treated (PCT) material and (c) biting, partial coverage treated (PCT) material with permethrin resistant (R) and susceptible (S) mosquito strains. Clothing protection was evaluated through comparison with the bare arm control and untreated control material. Whiskers correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 5.
Protection (%) against blood feeding and landing when wearing partial coverage treated (PCT) or full coverage treated (FCT) clothing.
Protection was calculated by comparing the treatment to partial coverage untreated clothing (PCC) in free-flight room tests. Whiskers correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 6.
Knockdown after 15 minutes, 1 hour and mortality after 24 hours post free-flight room testing where mosquitoes were collected after (a) landing and (b) after feeding freely. Participants wore full coverage control (FCC), full coverage treated (FCT), partial coverage control (PCC) and partial coverage treated (PCT) clothing. Whiskers correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 7.
Knockdown after 3 minutes, 1 hour and mortality after 24 hours for mosquitoes exposed to a bare arm, immediately and 1 hour after wearing treated clothing.
Whiskers correspond to 95% confidence intervals.
Fig 8.
Permethrin concentration of skin swabs taken from individuals wearing clothing immediately after wearing the clothing and 1 hour after wearing the clothing across 5 days.