Fig 1.
Chloroplast autofluorescence and time-gated rejection in Marchantia polymorpha.
Chloroplast autofluorescence (a) emission spectra from unbleached (blue) and bleached (red) chloroplasts. Light intensities as arbitrary unit (AU). (b-d) Representative images at the yellow wavelength region (520–561 nm) (b), at the red wavelength region (648–709 nm) (c), and at the yellow wavelength region (520–561 nm) with time gating (gate-on time: 0.3–12.0 ns) (d). (e) Bright field image. Scale bar, 10 μm. (f) Excitation spectrum of chloroplast autofluorescence. (g) Effects of time-gated fluorescence imaging technique at the yellow wavelength region. Relative light intensities are shown. Experiments were performed thrice (with three different samples); bars represent standard deviations. The averaged number is shown at the each graph.
Fig 2.
Fluorescence imaging of Mpphot-Citrine on the chloroplast periphery of transgenic Marchantia polymorpha.
(a) Single cellular fluorescence imaging. (b) Intracellular fluorescence imaging. Upper and lower panels reveal gate-off and gate-on (time: 0.3–12.0 ns) images, respectively. Left and center panels show images at the yellow (520–561 nm) and red (648–709 nm) wavelength regions, respectively. The right panels demonstrate merged images comprising yellow and red images. Scale bar, 10 μm.