Fig 1.
Flow diagram showing record identification, screening and study inclusion process.
Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study populations in the 22 studies included in this analysis.
Fig 2.
Stem cell therapy for type 1 DM.
(A-C) Comparison of the outcome of different types of stem cells in T1DM by Intravenous administration of Umbilical Cord Blood (UCB, n = 61), Umbilical Cord-Mesenchymal Stem Cells (UC-MSCs, n = 15) and Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Stem Cells (BM-HSCs, n = 82) (D-E) Bar graphs depicting the change in C-peptide and HbA1c levels from baseline and 12 months after intravenous administration of different types of stem cells. (F-G) Line graphs showing changes in C-peptide and HbA1c levels over time at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after stem cell therapy in T1DM patients. All data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. **** P < 0.0001.
Fig 3.
Forest plots showing the individual results of administrating different types of stem cells in T1DM.
(A) Comparison of C-peptide levels in T1DM individuals from baseline and after 12 months of stem cells therapy (B) Comparison of HbA1c levels in T1DM individuals from baseline and after 12 months of stem cells therapy. The random-effects meta-analysis model (Mantel-Haenszel method) was used. The ends of the horizontal bars denote a 95% CI. The black diamond gives the overall mean difference for the combined results of all trials.
Fig 4.
Stem cell therapy for type 2 DM.
(A-D) Bar graphs depicting the change in C-peptide and HbA1c levels from baseline and 12 months after administration of different types of stem cells. UCB and BM-MNCs were injected intra-pancreatically (n = 3 and n = 107, respectively), while UC-MSCs and PD-MSCs were injected intravenously (n = 22 and n = 10, respectively). (E-F) Line graphs showing changes in C-peptide and HbA1c levels over time at baseline, 3, 6 and 12 months after stem cell therapy in T2DM patients. All data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. **** P < 0.0001.
Fig 5.
Forest plots showing the individual results of administrating different types of stem cells in T2DM.
(A) Comparison of C-peptide levels in T2DM individuals from baseline and after 12 months of stem cells therapy (B) Comparison of HbA1c levels in T2DM individuals from baseline and after 12 months of stem cells therapy. The random-effects meta-analysis model (Mantel-Haenszel method) was used. The ends of the horizontal bars denote a 95% CI. The black diamond gives the overall mean difference for the combined results of all trials.